\u6bcf\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u90fd\u8574\u542b\u7740\u7236\u6bcd\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u671f\u671b\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u90fd\u6000\u7740\u671b\u5b50\u6210\u9f99\u3001\u671b\u5973\u6210\u51e4\u7684\u5fc3\u613f\u3002\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6210\u957f\u6781\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u966a\u4f34\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ed4\u7ec6\u659f\u914c\u9002\u5408\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5b57\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u6311\u9009\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u9002\u5408\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u597d\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u66f2\u59d3\u5973\u5b9d\u5b9d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u60a8\u63a8\u8350\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u80fd\u7ed9\u5b69\u5b50\u5e26\u6765\u597d\u8fd0\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f2\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\u7f3a\u6c34\uff08\u7cbe\u9009\u597d\u540d\uff09<\/p>\n
1.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u66f2\u6e38\u6625\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a y\u00f3u ch\u016bn\u3002\u6e38\uff1a\u6e38\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u5728\u6c34\u91cc\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u4e0a\u6f02\u6d6e\uff0c\u6cdb\u6307\u6e38\u6cf3\uff1b\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\uff1b\u95f2\u901b\uff0c\u4ece\u5bb9\u7684\u884c\u8d70\u3002\u6625\uff1a\u6625\u6307\u6625\u5b63\uff0c\u4e3a\u56db\u5b63\u4e4b\u9996\u3002\u5c31\u5c81\u65f6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u6307\u4ee3\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u63a8\u884d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6709\uff1a\u2460\u5c11\u5973\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7231\u6155\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u00b7\u53ec\u5357\u00b7\u91ce\u6709\u6b7b\u9e7f\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u5973\u6000\u6625\uff0c\u5409\u571f\u8bf1\u4e4b\u201d\uff1b\u2461\u6bd4\u55bb\u751f\u673a\uff0c\u5218\u79b9\u9521\u300a\u916c\u4e50\u5929\u626c\u5dde\u521d\u9022\u5e2d\u4e0a\u89c1\u8d60\u300b\u8bd7\uff1a\u201c\u6c89\u821f\u4fa7\u7554\u5343\u5e06\u8fc7\uff0c\u75c5\u6811\u524d\u5934\u4e07\u6728\u6625\u3002\u201d \u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6625\u5b57\u662f\u6307\u56db\u5b63\u4e2d\u6700\u7f8e\u3001\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u751f\u673a\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u66f2\u6d77\u73e3\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u706b\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a h\u01cei x\u00fan\u3002\u6d77\uff1a\u6d77\u5b57\u539f\u6307\u5927\u6d0b\u9760\u8fd1\u9646\u5730\u7684\u5e7f\u9614\u6c34\u57ce\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u9762\u79ef\u5b8f\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53c8\u5f15\u7533\u6709\u5e7f\u5927\u3001\u535a\u6df1\u3001\u535a\u5927\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u4eba\u540d\u7528\u6d77\u5b57\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u5f15\u7533\u4e49\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u80fd\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u529e\u6cd5\u591a\uff0c\u89c1\u591a\u8bc6\u5e7f\uff0c\u975e\u540c\u5e38\u4eba\u3002\u73e3\uff1a\u73e3\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u7389\u77f3\u540d\uff0c\u5937\u7389\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u66f2\u6df3\u541b\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a ch\u00fan j\u016bn\u3002\u6df3\uff1a\u6df3\u5b57\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u7684\u8d28\u6734\u548c\u6566\u539a\uff0c\u5982\u201c\u6df3\u826f\u201d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5927\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u7528\u6566\u539a\u3001\u6734\u5b9e\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u541b\uff1a\u541b\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u6307\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u54c1\u5fb7\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u66f2\u51fd\u5cfb\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a h\u00e1n j\u00f9n\u3002\u51fd\uff1a\u51fd\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fe1\u5c01\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5305\u542b\uff0c\u5305\u5bb9\u7b49\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u5cfb\uff1a\u5cfb\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u5c71\u52bf\u9ad8\u800c\u9661\u5ced\u3002<\/p>\n
5.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u66f2\u6167\u9686\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u706b\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a hu\u00ec l\u00f3ng\u3002\u6167\uff1a\u6167\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u806a\u660e\u3001\u6709\u624d\u667a\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u667a\u6167\u5c31\u662f\u6b64\u4e49\u3002\u6167\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u7075\u79c0\uff0c\u6709\u624d\u667a\u3002\u9686\uff1a\u9686\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u76db\u5927\u3001\u5174\u76db\u3001\u9686\u91cd\u3001\u5174\u9686\u3001\u6df1\u539a\u7b49\u3002\u8c61\u5f81\u5174\u76db\u3001\u5409\u5229\u3002\u610f\u4e3a\u76db\u5927\u3001\u5174\u76db\u3002<\/p>\n
6.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u66f2\u6155\u878d\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u571f\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a m\u00f9 r\u00f3ng\u3002\u6155\uff1a\u6155\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u656c\u4ef0\u3001\u656c\u6155\u3001\u4ef0\u6155\u3001\u601d\u5ff5\u3002\u53ef\u8d77\u540d\u5982\uff1a\u666f\u6155\u3001\u7231\u6155\u3001\u6155\u827a\u3001\u6155\u601d\u3002\u878d\uff1a\u878d\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u878d\u5408\u3001\u901a\u878d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f2\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\u7f3a\u6c34\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5217\u8868\uff09<\/p>\n
[1] \u66f2\u6807\u7ea2 (bi\u0101o h\u00f3ng)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u676d\u60e0 (h\u00e1ng hu\u00ec)[2] \u66f2\u8d5e\u598d (z\u00e0n y\u00e1n)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u8be6\u6b22 (xi\u00e1ng hu\u0101n)[3] \u66f2\u6ee2\u4fd0 (y\u00edng l\u00ec)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u94a6\u6d01 (q\u012bn ji\u00e9)[4] \u66f2\u6dfb\u534e (ti\u0101n hu\u00e0)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u83b9\u5b8f (y\u00edng h\u00f3ng)[5] \u66f2\u6e58\u9022 (xi\u0101ng f\u00e9ng)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u6d32\u9e3f (zh\u014du h\u00f3ng)[6] \u66f2\u8dc3\u822a (yu\u00e8 h\u00e1ng)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u76c8\u79a7 (y\u00edng x\u01d0)[7] \u66f2\u5143\u670b (yu\u00e1n p\u00e9ng)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u6dd1\u8776 (sh\u016b di\u00e9)[8] \u66f2\u7ecd\u598d (sh\u00e0o y\u00e1n)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u987a\u9e23 (sh\u00f9n m\u00edng)[9] \u66f2\u4e39\u6db5 (d\u0101n h\u00e1n)\t\t\u3001\u66f2\u777f\u6f9c (ru\u00ec l\u00e1n)<\/p>\n
\u66f2\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\u7f3a\u6c34\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u5b57\uff09<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u3010\u8d3a\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a12\u3002\u610f\u4e3a\u5e86\u795d\uff0c\u795d\u9882\uff0c\u9053\u559c\uff0c\u5609\u5956\uff0c\u7292\u52b3\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u66f2\u8d3a\u7426 (h\u00e8 q\u00ed)\u3001\u66f2\u8d3a\u5175 (h\u00e8 b\u012bng)\u3001\u66f2\u8d3a\u9065 (h\u00e8 y\u00e1o)\u3001\u66f2\u8d3a\u65af (h\u00e8 s\u012b)\u3001\u66f2\u8d3a\u8f89 (h\u00e8 hu\u012b)\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u3010\u6587\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a4\u3002\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u672c\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u4e1d\u7ec7\u54c1\u4e0a\u7eb5\u6a2a\u4ea4\u9519\u7684\u6761\u7406\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\uff0c\u82b1\u7eb9\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u6307\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u5f69\u3001\u6587\u660e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6587\u624d\u7b49\u3002\u6587\u5b57\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u540d\uff0c\u6240\u53d6\u610f\u4e49\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a1\uff09\u534e\u7f8e\uff0c\u6709\u6587\u91c7\uff1b2\uff09\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6587\u660e\u3001\u6587\u8f9e\uff1b3\uff09\u6709\u6587\u8d28\u5f6c\u5f6c\u7684\u4fee\u517b\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u66f2\u6587\u53cb (w\u00e9n y\u01d2u)\u3001\u66f2\u6587\u6743 (w\u00e9n qu\u00e1n)\u3001\u66f2\u6587\u5c0a (w\u00e9n z\u016bn)\u3001\u66f2\u6587\u9f84 (w\u00e9n l\u00edng)\u3001\u66f2\u671b\u6587 (w\u00e0ng w\u00e9n)\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u3010\u51e4\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a14\u3002\u51e4\u6307\u51e4\u51f0\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u767e\u9e1f\u4e4b\u738b\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u8c61\u5f81\u7965\u745e\u3002\u96c4\u7684\u53eb\u51e4\uff0c\u96cc\u7684\u53eb\u51f0\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e\u9f99\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9ad8\u8d35\u3001\u795e\u5947\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4ee5\u9f99\u51e4\u6bd4\u55bb\u6700\u9ad8\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u914d\u5076\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u55bb\u592b\u5987\uff0c\u65b0\u5a5a\u65f6\u7684\u5a5a\u8054\u5e38\u6709\u9f99\u51e4\u5448\u7965\u7b49\u5b57\u773c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u51e4\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5973\u540d\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u66f2\u5de8\u51e4 (j\u00f9 f\u00e8ng)\u3001\u66f2\u8377\u51e4 (h\u00e9 f\u00e8ng)\u3001\u66f2\u84b2\u51e4 (p\u00fa f\u00e8ng)\u3001\u66f2\u51e4\u662d (f\u00e8ng zh\u0101o)\u3001\u66f2\u5955\u51e4 (y\u00ec f\u00e8ng)\u3002<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u3010\u822a\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a10\u3002\u6307\u8239\u3001\u8230\u7b49\u5728\u6c34\u57df\u91cc\u884c\u8d70\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u98de\u673a\u5728\u7a7a\u4e2d\u98de\u884c\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u66f2\u58a8\u822a (m\u00f2 h\u00e1ng)\u3001\u66f2\u5dde\u822a (zh\u014du h\u00e1ng)\u3001\u66f2\u822a\u6b4c (h\u00e1ng g\u0113)\u3001\u66f2\u5143\u822a (yu\u00e1n h\u00e1ng)\u3001\u66f2\u4e1a\u822a (y\u00e8 h\u00e1ng)\u3002<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u3010\u6c5d\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a7\u3002\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f60 \u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u66f2\u6c5d\u7136 (r\u00fa r\u00e1n)\u3001\u66f2\u6c5d\u8015 (r\u00fa g\u0113ng)\u3001\u66f2\u65af\u6c5d (s\u012b r\u00fa)\u3001\u66f2\u6c5d\u57ce (r\u00fa ch\u00e9ng)\u3001\u66f2\u76ca\u6c5d (y\u00ec r\u00fa)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f2\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\u7f3a\u6c34\uff08\u540d\u5b57\u5927\u5168\uff09<\/p>\n
[1] \u66f2\u7fca\u6dc7\u3001\u66f2\u9e4f\u8d85\u3001\u66f2\u66e6\u96ea\u3001\u66f2\u742c\u6dd1[2] \u66f2\u65b0\u671b\u3001\u66f2\u7ea2\u4fa3\u3001\u66f2\u6750\u51e4\u3001\u66f2\u8283\u6c5b[3] \u66f2\u4ea6\u535a\u3001\u66f2\u4f9d\u6726\u3001\u66f2\u73ca\u51dd\u3001\u66f2\u5b5d\u5cf0[4] \u66f2\u82e5\u52c9\u3001\u66f2\u76c8\u662d\u3001\u66f2\u632f\u5cf0\u3001\u66f2\u6d77\u795d[5] \u66f2\u6d1b\u5915\u3001\u66f2\u83b2\u6ce2\u3001\u66f2\u5b5f\u6ed5\u3001\u66f2\u6ea2\u5e0c[6] \u66f2\u878d\u6c50\u3001\u66f2\u660c\u6f8e\u3001\u66f2\u6f2b\u9716\u3001\u66f2\u90c1\u6052[7] \u66f2\u5229\u8d1d\u3001\u66f2\u66fc\u7fa4\u3001\u66f2\u73ab\u7f28\u3001\u66f2\u9022\u6d01[8] \u66f2\u5c27\u6167\u3001\u66f2\u9646\u96ea\u3001\u66f2\u822a\u7855\u3001\u66f2\u6edf\u83c1[9] \u66f2\u65b9\u5fc6\u3001\u66f2\u7f8e\u8476\u3001\u66f2\u4f69\u6696\u3001\u66f2\u540c\u98de<\/p>\n
\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u5b9d\u5b9d\u53d6\u540d\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\uff1f<\/p>\n
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