\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u966a\u4f34\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u7ed9\u5b69\u5b50\u53d6\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u627f\u8f7d\u7740\u7236\u6bcd\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5e0c\u5180\uff0c\u5728\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u4e0a\u66f4\u9700\u5951\u5408\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u78c1\u573a\u6c14\u8fd0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u597d\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e5f\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u4e0e\u5b69\u5b50\u51fa\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u542c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u5b57\u4e0e\u5b57\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u503c\u5f97\u63a8\u8350\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5b9d\u5b9d\u59d3\u8983\u53d6\u540d\u5927\u5168\uff08\u7cbe\u9009\u597d\u540d\uff09<\/p>\n
1.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u4f1f\u65b0\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u571f-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a w\u011bi x\u012bn\u3002\u4f1f\uff1a\u4f1f\u5b57\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u542b\u4e49\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u5b57\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u610f\u601d\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u9ad8\u5927\u3001\u58ee\u7f8e\u3002\u5982\u4f1f\u4eba\u3001\u4f1f\u4e08\u592b\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u76db\u5927\u4e4b\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\u4f1f\u4e1a\u3001\u4f1f\u89c2\u3001\u4e30\u529f\u4f1f\u7ee9\u7b49\u3002\u4f1f\u5b57\u8c61\u5f81\u6709\u5fd7\u4e4b\u4eba\u3002\u65b0\uff1a\u65b0\u5b57\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0e\u201c\u65e7\u201d\u76f8\u5bf9\uff0c\u6307\u4e07\u4e8b\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u6216\u8005\u6307\u521a\u51fa\u73b0\u6216\u521a\u7ecf\u5386\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u4e07\u8c61\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u65b0\u529e\u6cd5\u3001\u65b0\u90ce\u3001\u65b0\u5a18\u7b49\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u793a\u5bb6\u4e2d\u65b0\u6dfb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u5c06\u6765\u80fd\u4e0d\u8f9c\u8d1f\u5168\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u539a\u671b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5bb6\u65cf\u589e\u6dfb\u65b0\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f5c\u51fa\u65b0\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u65b0\u751f\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u5e08\u9976\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a sh\u012b r\u00e1o\u3002\u5e08\uff1a\u5e08\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u4e5f\u6307\u64c5\u957f\u67d0\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53c8\u6307\u6280\u672f\u804c\u79f0\u3002\u9976\uff1a\u9976\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u591a\uff0c\u5bcc\u8db3\u3002\u4e5f\u6307\u5bbd\u5bb9\uff0c\u5bbd\u6055\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u59ff\u56e0\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u571f\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a z\u012b y\u012bn\u3002\u59ff\uff1a\u59ff\u5b57\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u5f62\u8c8c\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u8d44\u8d28\u3001\u624d\u80fd\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\uff1a\u56e0\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u7f18\u6545\uff1b\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\uff1b\u4f9d\uff0c\u987a\u7740\uff0c\u6cbf\u88ad\uff0c\u5b88\u65e7\uff1b\u51ed\u501f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\uff1b\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u97ec\u65b9\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u706b-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a t\u0101o f\u0101ng\u3002\u97ec\uff1a\u97ec\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u97ec\u7565\uff0c\u667a\u8c0b\u3002\u65b9\uff1a\u65b9\u5b57\u7684\u672c\u4e49\u662f\u56db\u89d2\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u89d2\u7684\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\u6216\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9762\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u89d2\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\u7684\u516d\u9762\u4f53\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u65b9\u9762\u3001\u6b63\u76f4\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u9002\u5b9c\u3001\u7b49\u540c\u3001\u6b63\u597d\u3001\u76f8\u5f53\u7b49\u3002\u7528\u5728\u4eba\u540d\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6b63\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u6b63\u76f4\u7b49\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
5.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u51e4\u6e90\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a f\u00e8ng yu\u00e1n\u3002\u51e4\uff1a\u51e4\u6307\u51e4\u51f0\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u767e\u9e1f\u4e4b\u738b\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u8c61\u5f81\u7965\u745e\u3002\u96c4\u7684\u53eb\u51e4\uff0c\u96cc\u7684\u53eb\u51f0\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e\u9f99\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9ad8\u8d35\u3001\u795e\u5947\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4ee5\u9f99\u51e4\u6bd4\u55bb\u6700\u9ad8\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u914d\u5076\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u55bb\u592b\u5987\uff0c\u65b0\u5a5a\u65f6\u7684\u5a5a\u8054\u5e38\u6709\u9f99\u51e4\u5448\u7965\u7b49\u5b57\u773c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u51e4\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5973\u540d\u3002\u6e90\uff1a\u6e90\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u539f\u5b57\u4eff\u672c\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u6c34\u6d41\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u540e\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
6.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u7490\u5148\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u706b-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a l\u00f9 xi\u0101n\u3002\u7490\uff1a\u7490\u5b57\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6307\u7f8e\u7389\u3002\u5148\uff1a\u5148\u5b57\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u8f83\u591a\uff0e\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u6b21\u5e8f\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u524d\u3001\u9996\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3001\u7956\u5148\u3001\u5148\u6c11\u7b49\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u542f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u53d6\u5176\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u4e89\u5148\u6050\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ee7\u627f\u5148\u70c8\u5148\u8d24\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9d\u5b9d\u59d3\u8983\u53d6\u540d\u5927\u5168\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5217\u8868\uff09<\/p>\n
[1] \u6d0b\u6cd7 (y\u00e1ng s\u00ec)\t\t\u3001\u9ece\u6e90 (l\u00ed yu\u00e1n)[2] \u6587\u6dfb (w\u00e9n ti\u0101n)\t\t\u3001\u6ea2\u7075 (y\u00ec l\u00edng)[3] \u60a6\u5357 (yu\u00e8 n\u00e1n)\t\t\u3001\u7eaf\u8389 (ch\u00fan l\u00ec)[4] \u77e5\u9890 (zh\u00ec y\u00ed)\t\t\u3001\u4fca\u96e8 (j\u00f9n y\u01d4)[5] \u53ef\u540c (k\u011b t\u00f3ng)\t\t\u3001\u6657\u6893 (h\u00e1n z\u01d0)[6] \u4fca\u8a89 (j\u00f9n y\u00f9)\t\t\u3001\u5168\u8d85 (qu\u00e1n ch\u0101o)[7] \u96ef\u79b9 (w\u00e9n y\u01d4)\t\t\u3001\u501a\u6797 (y\u01d0 l\u00edn)[8] \u4fde\u5a07 (y\u00fa ji\u0101o)\t\t\u3001\u96e8\u9e6d (y\u01d4 l\u00f9)[9] \u80dc\u98d8 (sh\u00e8ng pi\u0101o)\t\t\u3001\u8054\u96c1 (li\u00e1n y\u00e0n)<\/p>\n
\u5b9d\u5b9d\u59d3\u8983\u53d6\u540d\u5927\u5168\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u5b57\uff09<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u3010\u6885\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6728\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a11\u3002\u6885\u6811\u3002\u8c61\u5f81\u7f8e\u4e3d\u3001\u575a\u5b9a\u3002\u610f\u4e3a\u5fd7\u5411\u9ad8\u6d01\u3001\u6e05\u96c5\u8131\u4fd7\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u5112\u6885 (r\u00fa m\u00e9i)\u3001\u73cd\u6885 (zh\u0113n m\u00e9i)\u3001\u65b9\u6885 (f\u0101ng m\u00e9i)\u3001\u6885\u7476 (m\u00e9i y\u00e1o)\u3001\u6885\u6768 (m\u00e9i y\u00e1ng)\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u3010\u5029\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u91d1\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a10\u3002\u5029\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u542b\u7b11\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u6cdb\u6307\u59ff\u5bb9\u7f8e\u597d\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5219\u4e13\u6307\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u53d1\u5973\u5b50\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u4efb\u5029 (r\u00e9n qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u4e66\u5029 (sh\u016b qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u589e\u5029 (z\u0113ng qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u79ef\u5029 (j\u012b qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u5029\u65bd (qi\u00e0n sh\u012b)\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u3010\u771f\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u91d1\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a10\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u5b9e\u5728\u3001\u6c42\u5b9e\u3001\u672c\u6027\u3001\u672c\u539f\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u795d\u771f (zh\u00f9 zh\u0113n)\u3001\u5999\u771f (mi\u00e0o zh\u0113n)\u3001\u7b71\u771f (xi\u01ceo zh\u0113n)\u3001\u58eb\u771f (sh\u00ec zh\u0113n)\u3001\u771f\u4f59 (zh\u0113n y\u00fa)\u3002<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u3010\u5bd2\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a12\u3002\u672c\u4e49\u6307\u51b7\uff0c\u51c9\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u5f15\u7533\u4e3a\u8d2b\u56f0\uff0c\u5bb3\u6015\u7b49\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u9a81\u5bd2 (xi\u0101o h\u00e1n)\u3001\u61ff\u5bd2 (y\u00ec h\u00e1n)\u3001\u5bd2\u946b (h\u00e1n x\u012bn)\u3001\u5bd2\u971e (h\u00e1n xi\u00e1)\u3001\u5bd2\u7d6e (h\u00e1n x\u00f9)\u3002<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u3010\u7eaa\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6728\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a9\u3002\u672c\u4e49\u6307\u6563\u4e1d\u7684\u5934\u7eea\uff0c\u540e\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u5c81\u6570\uff0c\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u7eaa\u8a00 (j\u01d0 y\u00e1n)\u3001\u7eaa\u957f (j\u01d0 ch\u0101ng)\u3001\u7eaa\u5ddd (j\u01d0 chu\u0101n)\u3001\u7eaa\u627f (j\u01d0 ch\u00e9ng)\u3001\u7eaa\u6c49 (j\u01d0 h\u00e0n)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9d\u5b9d\u59d3\u8983\u53d6\u540d\u5927\u5168\uff08\u540d\u5b57\u5927\u5168\uff09<\/p>\n
[1] \u4e1d\u7af9\u3001\u5fd7\u5a74\u3001\u6c5d\u6676\u3001\u7199\u7457\u3001\u4f1f\u8a00[2] \u82b7\u680e\u3001\u5b50\u4eab\u3001\u5a67\u65b9\u3001\u67f3\u575a\u3001\u7ecd\u5a49[3] \u6f6e\u4f1f\u3001\u6c82\u59d7\u3001\u94a6\u6148\u3001\u5b8f\u61ff\u3001\u82e5\u6e14[4] \u94b0\u6cf3\u3001\u7490\u5a05\u3001\u6052\u73ca\u3001\u83b9\u4eea\u3001\u5ce8\u9752[5] \u4e00\u656c\u3001\u709c\u521d\u3001\u6c76\u6867\u3001\u5c0f\u7f16\u3001\u7eaa\u5e05[6] \u871c\u5a1c\u3001\u5a75\u5029\u3001\u5b66\u6709\u3001\u624d\u667a\u3001\u5b50\u6df3[7] \u7d2b\u5349\u3001\u5b5f\u6668\u3001\u4e1e\u57ce\u3001\u601d\u61ff\u3001\u4e66\u9526[8] \u74a8\u73a5\u3001\u66fc\u4f1f\u3001\u59dd\u5b87\u3001\u7d20\u5cf0\u3001\u5b8f\u7131[9] \u670b\u8d85\u3001\u51e4\u9756\u3001\u714a\u96ef\u3001\u94c1\u83f2\u3001\u65ed\u52c3<\/p>\n
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