\u540d\u5b57\u5bf9\u6027\u683c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u9f13\u821e\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u573a\u5408\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eba\u7559\u4e0b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u4f34\u968f\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u9700\u8981\u614e\u91cd\u6311\u9009\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u597d\u542c\u597d\u5199\u7684\u5b57\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u7b26\u5408\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u6c14\u8fd0\u78c1\u573a\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u6bd5\u5b9d\u5b9d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u60a8\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u3001\u80fd\u7ed9\u5b69\u5b50\u5e26\u6765\u597d\u8fd0\u6c14\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u59d3\u6bd5\u7684\u597d\u542c\u7b80\u6d01\u987a\u53e3\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u7cbe\u9009\u597d\u540d\uff09<\/p>\n
1.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u7ea2\u5b5f\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a h\u00f3ng m\u00e8ng\u3002\u7ea2\uff1a\u7ea2\u5b57\u6307\u5e38\u89c1\u989c\u8272\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5982\u7ea2\u8fd0\u3001\u8d70\u7ea2\u7b49\u5b57\u4e49\u3002\u4eba\u540d\u7528\u7ea2\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u53d6\u5176\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u559c\u5e86\uff0c\u987a\u5229\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7b49\u5b57\u4e49\u3002\u5b5f\uff1a\u5b5f\u5b57\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u521d\u6216\u59cb\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u6307\u4eba\u540d\u4e2d\u6392\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u56db\u5b63\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u8fdc\u8d3a\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u571f-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a yu\u01cen h\u00e8\u3002\u8fdc\uff1a\u8fdc\u5b57\u7684\u672c\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u8ddd\u79bb\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u4e45\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fd1\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u6307\u758f\u8fdc\u6216\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u8d3a\uff1a\u8d3a\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u5e86\u795d\uff0c\u795d\u9882\uff0c\u9053\u559c\uff0c\u5609\u5956\uff0c\u7292\u52b3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u73ba\u60e0\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u706b-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a x\u01d0 hu\u00ec\u3002\u73ba\uff1a\u73ba\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u5370\u3002\u79e6\u671d\u4ee5\u540e\u4e13\u6307\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u5370\u3002\u60e0\uff1a\u60e0\u5b57\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u8f83\u5382\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e0e\u201c\u6167\u201d\u76f8\u901a\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u806a\u660e\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec1\u7231\uff0c\u5bbd\u539a\uff0c\u67d4\u987a\u3001\u8d24\u60e0\u4e4b\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u5f69\u795d\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u706b\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a c\u01cei zh\u00f9\u3002\u5f69\uff1a\u5f69\u5b57\u6307\u79f0\u8d5e\u5938\u5956\u7684\u6b22\u547c\u58f0\u548c\u8d4c\u535a\u7b49\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\u8d1f\u4f24\uff0c\u5982\u559d\u5f69\u3001\u4e2d\u5f69\u3001\u6302\u5f69\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u4e9b\u542b\u4e49\u90fd\u662f\u4e13\u6307\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u5f69\u5b57\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5149\u5f69\u9c9c\u8273\u3001\u98ce\u59ff\u5353\u8363\u4e4b\u4e49\uff0c\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5973\u6027\u53d6\u540d\u3002\u5076\u5c14\u4e5f\u6709\u7537\u59d3\u540d\u5b57\u4f7f\u7528\u5f69\u5b57\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u6587\u91c7\u51fa\u4f17\u6216\u6587\u7ae0\u624d\u534e\u3002\u795d\uff1a\u795d\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u53e4\u4ee3\u6307\u7537\u5deb\uff0c\u5373\u796d\u7940\u65f6\u4e3b\u6301\u795d\u544a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u73b0\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u613f\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n
5.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u695a\u6ee2\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a ch\u01d4 y\u00edng\u3002\u695a\uff1a\u695a\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6574\u6d01\uff0c\u8302\u76db\u7b49\u3002\u6ee2\uff1a\u6ee2\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u6c34\u6e05\u6f88\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
6.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9022\u541b\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a f\u00e9ng j\u016bn\u3002\u9022\uff1a\u9022\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u906d\u9022\uff0c\u9047\u89c1\uff0c\u8fce\u63a5\u3002\u541b\uff1a\u541b\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u6307\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u54c1\u5fb7\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u59d3\u6bd5\u7684\u597d\u542c\u7b80\u6d01\u987a\u53e3\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5217\u8868\uff09<\/p>\n
[1] \u794e\u537f (y\u012b q\u012bng)\t\t\u3001\u9ed4\u9065 (qi\u00e1n y\u00e1o)[2] \u9a81\u4fca (xi\u0101o j\u00f9n)\t\t\u3001\u94ed\u667a (m\u00edng zh\u00ec)[3] \u67d4\u5747 (r\u00f3u j\u016bn)\t\t\u3001\u9510\u6f9c (ru\u00ec l\u00e1n)[4] \u6668\u5fc6 (ch\u00e9n y\u00ec)\t\t\u3001\u5ffb\u598d (x\u012bn y\u00e1n)[5] \u9541\u8389 (m\u011bi l\u00ec)\t\t\u3001\u91d1\u5c0f (j\u012bn xi\u01ceo)[6] \u82cf\u96c1 (s\u016b y\u00e0n)\t\t\u3001\u97e7\u829d (r\u00e8n zh\u012b)[7] \u70af\u4e3d (ji\u01d2ng l\u00ec)\t\t\u3001\u5efa\u9713 (ji\u00e0n n\u00ed)[8] \u6653\u775b (xi\u01ceo j\u012bng)\t\t\u3001\u6d77\u666f (h\u01cei j\u01d0ng)[9] \u742c\u9a9e (w\u01cen qi\u0101n)\t\t\u3001\u5348\u598d (w\u01d4 y\u00e1n)<\/p>\n
\u59d3\u6bd5\u7684\u597d\u542c\u7b80\u6d01\u987a\u53e3\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u5b57\uff09<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u3010\u5ef7\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u706b\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a7\u3002\u5ef7\u5b57\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u671d\u5ef7\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u6307\u9662\u5b50\u3002\u542b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5ead\u5b57\u6839\u540c\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\uff0c\u671d\u5ef7\u662f\u5e1d\u738b\u5e02\u653f\u65bd\u4ee4\u3001\u63a5\u53d7\u671d\u89c1\u7684\u5904\u6240\u3002\u53d6\u540d\u7528\u5ef6\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u5927\u591a\u771f\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u4e07\u5ef7 (w\u00e0n t\u00edng)\u3001\u5ef7\u8f9b (t\u00edng x\u012bn)\u3001\u5a01\u5ef7 (w\u0113i t\u00edng)\u3001\u5ef7\u9e9f (t\u00edng l\u00edn)\u3001\u5ef7\u987a (t\u00edng sh\u00f9n)\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u3010\u6d25\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a10\u3002\u6307\u6e21\u53e3\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u6d25\u4e5f\u662f\u5929\u6d25\u5e02\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u6d25\u4ee5 (j\u012bn y\u01d0)\u3001\u6d25\u661f (j\u012bn x\u012bng)\u3001\u53cb\u6d25 (y\u01d2u j\u012bn)\u3001\u6d25\u96c5 (j\u012bn y\u01ce)\u3001\u5149\u6d25 (gu\u0101ng j\u012bn)\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u3010\u91d1\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u91d1\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a8\u3002\u91d1\u5b57\u7684\u672c\u4e49\u6307\u9ec4\u91d1\u6216\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e94\u884c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6307\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u65b9\u4f4d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u91d1\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u50cf\u91d1\u9ec4\u8272\u7684\u79cb\u5b63\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u7528\u672c\u4e49\uff0c\u5bd3\u6307\u9ad8\u8d35\u548c\u8d22\u8fd0\u5174\u65fa\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u91d1\u8fdc (j\u012bn yu\u01cen)\u3001\u91d1\u589e (j\u012bn z\u0113ng)\u3001\u7ef4\u91d1 (w\u00e9i j\u012bn)\u3001\u91d1\u7ecd (j\u012bn sh\u00e0o)\u3001\u827e\u91d1 (\u00e0i j\u012bn)\u3002<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u3010\u7eea\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u91d1\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a15\u3002\u4e1d\u5934\u3002\u6bd4\u55bb\u5f00\u7aef\uff1b\u4e16\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff1b\u5fc3\u60c5\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u7b49\uff1b\u6b8b\u4f59\u7684\uff1b[\u7eea\u8bba]\u8457\u4e66\u3001\u8bb2\u5b66\u7b49\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u53d9\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u8981\u70b9\u4e4b\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u76ca\u7eea (y\u00ec x\u00f9)\u3001\u7eea\u9f99 (x\u00f9 l\u00f3ng)\u3001\u7eea\u6069 (x\u00f9 \u0113n)\u3001\u7eea\u7f18 (x\u00f9 yu\u00e1n)\u3001\u7eea\u4fe1 (x\u00f9 x\u00ecn)\u3002<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u3010\u831c\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6728\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a12\u3002\u831c\u5b57\u539f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8349\u540d\uff0c\u5373\u831c\u8349\uff0c\u662f\u591a\u5e74\u751f\u6500\u63f4\u8349\u6728\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6839\u5448\u9ec4\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u67d3\u6599\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5165\u836f\u3002\u65e7\u65f6\u56e0\u5b83\u7684\u6839\u53ef\u4f5c\u5927\u7ea2\u8272\u67d3\u6599\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u7528\u831c\u5b57\u6307\u5927\u7ea2\u8272\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u5112\u831c (r\u00fa qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u8dc3\u831c (yu\u00e8 qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u4e50\u831c (yu\u00e8 qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u6613\u831c (y\u00ec qi\u00e0n)\u3001\u7115\u831c (hu\u00e0n qi\u00e0n)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u59d3\u6bd5\u7684\u597d\u542c\u7b80\u6d01\u987a\u53e3\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u540d\u5b57\u5927\u5168\uff09<\/p>\n
[1] \u7384\u79c0\u3001\u653f\u715c\u3001\u67cf\u82b8\u3001\u6292\u7ea2\u3001\u4f20\u5a77[2] \u695a\u516e\u3001\u6c90\u5a34\u3001\u7f8e\u51b7\u3001\u98de\u7433\u3001\u8283\u6615[3] \u82e5\u7fca\u3001\u7fe0\u7ed2\u3001\u777f\u7476\u3001\u5efa\u797a\u3001\u5578\u82b8[4] \u695a\u7f8e\u3001\u94f6\u73ca\u3001\u4e25\u6708\u3001\u5a67\u5349\u3001\u6d2a\u96ef[5] \u67d4\u5983\u3001\u613f\u513f\u3001\u745e\u837b\u3001\u5b66\u529b\u3001\u6625\u8299[6] \u90c1\u822a\u3001\u632f\u5143\u3001\u79c0\u6167\u3001\u6a31\u4fca\u3001\u5321\u794e[7] \u4e1c\u5c09\u3001\u6d2a\u8d1d\u3001\u988d\u51b0\u3001\u82af\u4e88\u3001\u8339\u5347[8] \u7167\u83f2\u3001\u6797\u745b\u3001\u9e3f\u94a2\u3001\u6df1\u7434\u3001\u656c\u666f[9] \u51a0\u9686\u3001\u7ecd\u5f69\u3001\u6631\u7fbd\u3001\u96c5\u4f73\u3001\u6656\u82b3<\/p>\n
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