\u540d\u5b57\u5728\u547d\u8fd0\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5f80\u5f80\u9884\u793a\u7740\u597d\u8fd0\u6c14\u7684\u5230\u6765\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u540d\u5b57\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e09\u624d\u4e94\u683c\u3001\u5929\u5730\u4eba\u4e09\u683c\u662f\u5426\u5f97\u5f53\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f97\u6ce8\u91cd\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u597d\u542c\u6613\u8bb0\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5b57\u867d\u7136\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u597d\u5199\u597d\u542c\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u7528\u4e8e\u8d77\u540d\u65f6\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u3002\u90a3\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4e1b\u5b9d\u5b9d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u542c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u642d\u914d\u5462\uff1f\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4e1b\u5b9d\u5b9d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u540d\u5b57\u53ef\u4f9b\u6311\u9009\u5462\uff1f\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e9b\u542b\u6709\u6df1\u610f\u7684\u4e1b\u6c0f\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u7cbe\u9009\u597d\u540d\uff09
\n1.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u601d\u7d2b\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a s\u012b z\u01d0\u3002\u601d\uff1a\u601d\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u6000\u5ff5\u3001\u8003\u8651\u3001\u60f3\u5ff5\u3002\u7d2b\uff1a\u7d2b\u5b57\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u7531\u84dd\u3001\u7ea2\u4e24\u8272\u6df7\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3001\u5373\u7d2b\u8272\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u6307\u4e0e\u7d2b\u8272\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5982\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u628a\u8fbe\u5b98\u663e\u8d35\u6216\u618e\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d2b\u8863\uff0c\u4ed9\u5973\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d2b\u5983\uff0c\u7687\u592a\u540e\u7684\u4f4f\u5904\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d2b\u623f\u3002
\n2.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9601\u7426\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a g\u00e9 q\u00ed\u3002\u9601\uff1a\u9601\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u95e8\u4e0a\u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u95e8\u81ea\u5408\u7684\u957f\u6728\u6869\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u8d2e\u85cf\u98df\u7269\u7684\u53a8\u67dc\u6216\u697c\u9601\u3001\u9601\u9053\u7b49\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5973\u5b50\u5367\u623f\u6216\u5185\u5ba4\u7684\u4ee3\u79f0\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u9601\u5b57\u6307\u5973\u6027\u5367\u623f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0e\u201c\u95fa\u201d\u5b57\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5408\u79f0\u4e3a\u95fa\u9601\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e13\u7528\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u7426\uff1a\u7426\u5b57\u6307\u7f8e\u7389\u3002<\/p>\n
3.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u6c5f\u950b\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a ji\u0101ng f\u0113ng\u3002\u6c5f\uff1a\u6c5f\u5b57\u5728\u6700\u65e9\u65f6\u4e13\u6307\u957f\u6c5f\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u8f83\u5927\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u901a\u79f0\u3002\u950b\uff1a\u950b\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u5200\u3001\u5251\u7b49\u7684\u5c16\u7aef\u6216\u9510\u5229\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u540e\u55bb\u6307\u9510\u6c14\uff0c\u624d\u5e72\u6216\u8a00\u8bba\u7684\u9510\u5229\u3002
\n4.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u8776\u68a6\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u706b-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a di\u00e9 m\u00e8ng\u3002\u8776\uff1a\u8776\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u8774\u8776\u3002\u68a6\uff1a\u68a6\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u7761\u7720\u4e2d\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7b\u8c61\uff0c\u540e\u53c8\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u60f3\u8c61\u7b49\u3002
\n5.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u4e66\u8679\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a sh\u016b h\u00f3ng\u3002\u4e66\uff1a\u4e66\u5199\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u8679\uff1a\u8679\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u96e8\u540e\u5929\u7a7a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5f27\u5f62\u5f69\u6655\u3002\u4e3b\u8679\u79f0\u8679\uff0c\u526f\u8679\u79f0\u9713\u3002
\n6.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u65b0\u7693\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a x\u012bn h\u00e0o\u3002\u65b0\uff1a\u65b0\u5b57\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0e\u201c\u65e7\u201d\u76f8\u5bf9\uff0c\u6307\u4e07\u4e8b\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u6216\u8005\u6307\u521a\u51fa\u73b0\u6216\u521a\u7ecf\u5386\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u4e07\u8c61\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u65b0\u529e\u6cd5\u3001\u65b0\u90ce\u3001\u65b0\u5a18\u7b49\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u793a\u5bb6\u4e2d\u65b0\u6dfb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u5c06\u6765\u80fd\u4e0d\u8f9c\u8d1f\u5168\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u539a\u671b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5bb6\u65cf\u589e\u6dfb\u65b0\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f5c\u51fa\u65b0\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u65b0\u751f\u673a\u3002\u7693\uff1a\u7693\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u6d01\u767d\u5982\u7389\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7eaf\u767d\u3001\u660e\u4eae\u3001\u6d01\u767d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e9b\u542b\u6709\u6df1\u610f\u7684\u4e1b\u6c0f\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5217\u8868\uff09
\n[1] \u6625\u96c0 (ch\u016bn qu\u00e8)\t\t\u3001\u82a6\u6960 (l\u00fa n\u00e1n)[2] \u5349\u6b23 (hu\u00ec x\u012bn)\t\t\u3001\u51e1\u6e05 (f\u00e1n q\u012bng)[3] \u7eaa\u5c91 (j\u01d0 c\u00e9n)\t\t\u3001\u884c\u4f1a (x\u00edng ku\u00e0i)[4] \u548f\u51fd (y\u01d2ng h\u00e1n)\t\t\u3001\u79d1\u541f (k\u0113 y\u00edn)[5] \u6c82\u6b23 (y\u00ed x\u012bn)\t\t\u3001\u6c9b\u831c (p\u00e8i qi\u00e0n)[6] \u6654\u541b (y\u00e8 j\u016bn)\t\t\u3001\u5955\u5349 (y\u00ec hu\u00ec)[7] \u6851\u53cc (s\u0101ng shu\u0101ng)\t\t\u3001\u8d3a\u5229 (h\u00e8 l\u00ec)[8] \u8363\u6dc7 (r\u00f3ng q\u00ed)\t\t\u3001\u71d5\u676d (y\u0101n h\u00e1ng)[9] \u90fd\u96c5 (d\u016b y\u01ce)\t\t\u3001\u78a7\u613f (b\u00ec yu\u00e0n)
\n\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e9b\u542b\u6709\u6df1\u610f\u7684\u4e1b\u6c0f\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u5b57\uff09
\n1\u3001\u3010\u747e\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u706b\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a16\u3002\u747e\u5b57\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6307\u7f8e\u7389\uff0c\u53e4\u65f6\u5e38\u4e0e\u745c\u5b57\u8054\u7528\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u4efb\u747e (r\u00e9n j\u01d0n)\u3001\u5468\u747e (zh\u014du j\u01d0n)\u3001\u747e\u9896 (j\u01d0n y\u01d0ng)\u3001\u747e\u5ef7 (j\u01d0n t\u00edng)\u3001\u5321\u747e (ku\u0101ng j\u01d0n)\u3002
\n2\u3001\u3010\u51e4\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a14\u3002\u51e4\u6307\u51e4\u51f0\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u767e\u9e1f\u4e4b\u738b\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u8c61\u5f81\u7965\u745e\u3002\u96c4\u7684\u53eb\u51e4\uff0c\u96cc\u7684\u53eb\u51f0\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e\u9f99\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9ad8\u8d35\u3001\u795e\u5947\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4ee5\u9f99\u51e4\u6bd4\u55bb\u6700\u9ad8\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u914d\u5076\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u55bb\u592b\u5987\uff0c\u65b0\u5a5a\u65f6\u7684\u5a5a\u8054\u5e38\u6709\u9f99\u51e4\u5448\u7965\u7b49\u5b57\u773c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u51e4\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5973\u540d\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u79ef\u51e4 (j\u012b f\u00e8ng)\u3001\u51e4\u6cb3 (f\u00e8ng h\u00e9)\u3001\u51e4\u4ec1 (f\u00e8ng r\u00e9n)\u3001\u51e4\u9759 (f\u00e8ng j\u00ecng)\u3001\u65af\u51e4 (s\u012b f\u00e8ng)\u3002
\n3\u3001\u3010\u4f36\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u706b\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a7\u3002\u672c\u4e49\uff1a\u53e4\u4e50\u5b98\u540d\u3001\u76f8\u4f20\u9ec4\u5e1d\u65f6\u6709\u4f36\u4f26\uff0c\u4e16\u638c\u4e50\u5b98\u3002\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u52c9\u4f36 (mi\u01cen l\u00edng)\u3001\u610f\u4f36 (y\u00ec l\u00edng)\u3001\u4f36\u6743 (l\u00edng qu\u00e1n)\u3001\u96c5\u4f36 (y\u01ce l\u00edng)\u3001\u57ce\u4f36 (ch\u00e9ng l\u00edng)\u3002
\n4\u3001\u3010\u59ae\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u706b\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a8\u3002\u610f\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u7231\u79f0\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u666f\u59ae (j\u01d0ng n\u012b)\u3001\u7eaa\u59ae (j\u01d0 n\u012b)\u3001\u5b9c\u59ae (y\u00ed n\u012b)\u3001\u590f\u59ae (xi\u00e0 n\u012b)\u3001\u6e05\u59ae (q\u012bng n\u012b)\u3002
\n5\u3001\u3010\u6e90\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a14\u3002\u539f\u5b57\u4eff\u672c\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u6c34\u6d41\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u540e\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u5dcd\u6e90 (w\u0113i yu\u00e1n)\u3001\u8d44\u6e90 (z\u012b yu\u00e1n)\u3001\u797a\u6e90 (q\u00ed yu\u00e1n)\u3001\u6e90\u8339 (yu\u00e1n r\u00fa)\u3001\u9534\u6e90 (k\u01cei yu\u00e1n)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e9b\u542b\u6709\u6df1\u610f\u7684\u4e1b\u6c0f\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u540d\u5b57\u5927\u5168\uff09
\n[1] \u9ece\u6600\u3001\u653f\u4e39\u3001\u7d2b\u7136\u3001\u79a7\u8389\u3001\u70b3\u6770[2] \u6eaa\u7430\u3001\u5d07\u59d7\u3001\u6850\u6021\u3001\u715c\u4fa6\u3001\u826f\u747e[3] \u9753\u8354\u3001\u70b3\u8d85\u3001\u51ef\u6bb7\u3001\u592e\u9752\u3001\u835f\u96ef[4] \u82af\u5c79\u3001\u4e3d\u6631\u3001\u4f0a\u6155\u3001\u535a\u71a0\u3001\u5a67\u68cb[5] \u68a6\u6d4e\u3001\u5c91\u96ef\u3001\u5747\u76ca\u3001\u5b5f\u6dc7\u3001\u53d9\u96ef[6] \u9547\u5937\u3001\u59ae\u534e\u3001\u94f6\u8431\u3001\u6d69\u6c5d\u3001\u5bb6\u5353[7] \u548f\u6167\u3001\u5f66\u4ea6\u3001\u73a5\u739f\u3001\u598d\u5999\u3001\u6cc9\u68a6[8] \u96c1\u5983\u3001\u5fc6\u84dd\u3001\u6c76\u7389\u3001\u6000\u51e4\u3001\u51ac\u987c[9] \u94c3\u7136\u3001\u70b3\u76ca\u3001\u6f84\u7136\u3001\u5ae3\u5a07\u3001\u7fbd\u68b5
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