\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u80fd\u591f\u4f34\u968f\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u751f\u5e26\u6765\u597d\u7684\u8fd0\u6c14\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u5b57\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5409\u5229\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9002\u5408\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u597d\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u4e09\u624d\u4e94\u683c\u5929\u5730\u4eba\u4e09\u683c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u76f8\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u597d\u540d\u5b57\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u9a6c\u59d3\u5973\u5b9d\u5b9d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u9a6c\u59d3\u5973\u5b9d\u5b9d\u63a8\u8350\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u597d\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u8981\u9519\u8fc7\u54e6\u3002\u59d3\u9a6c\u5973\u5b69\u5b50\u53d6\u540d\uff08\u7cbe\u9009\u597d\u540d\uff09
\n1.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9a6c\u4eea\u9759\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6728-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a y\u00ed j\u00ecng\u3002\u4eea\uff1a\u4eea\u5b57\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u793c\u8282\u3001\u4eea\u5f0f\u3001\u793c\u7269\u3001\u6cd5\u5ea6\u3001\u4eea\u5668\u3001\u5411\u5f80\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u4eba\u6709\u5173\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u6307\u5bb9\u8c8c\u548c\u4e3e\u6b62\u3002\u9759\uff1a\u9759\u6307\u5b89\u9759\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u6ca1\u6709\u58f0\u54cd\u3001\u5e73\u9759\u3002\u5728\u6307\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u9047\u4e8b\u80fd\u591f\u9759\u5fc3\u9759\u6c14\u3001\u6de1\u6cca\u76f8\u5904\u3001\u4e0e\u4e16\u65e0\u4e89\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u54c1\u8d28\u3002
\n2.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9a6c\u5e38\u8def\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u706b\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a ch\u00e1ng l\u00f9\u3002\u5e38\uff1a\u5e38\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u957f\u4e45\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3001\u666e\u901a\u7684\u3002\u8def\uff1a\u8def\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u9053\uff0c\u6765\u5f80\u7684\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n
3.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9a6c\u662d\u84c9\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u706b-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a zh\u0101o r\u00f3ng\u3002\u662d\uff1a\u662d\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u663e\u8457\uff1b\u660e\u4eae\uff0c\u5149\u660e\u3002\u84c9\uff1a\u84c9\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u8299\u84c9\uff0c\u50cf\u8377\u82b1\u4e00\u6837\u6e05\u9999\u7eaf\u6d01\u3002
\n4.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9a6c\u57fa\u82b1\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u571f-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a j\u012b hu\u0101\u3002\u57fa\uff1a\u57fa\u5b57\u539f\u6307\u623f\u5c4b\u5899\u58c1\u7b49\u7684\u6839\u811a\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u6307\u6839\u672c\u6216\u5f00\u59cb\u7b49\u3002\u82b1\uff1a\u82b1\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u690d\u7269\u6240\u5f00\u7684\u4e94\u989c\u516d\u8272\u7684\u82b1\u6735\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u6307\u50cf\u82b1\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u6216\u4eba\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u957f\u5f97\u50cf\u82b1\u4e00\u6837\u7f8e\u4e3d\u52a8\u4eba\u3002\u82b1\u5b57\u7684\u5973\u6027\u542b\u4e49\u7279\u522b\u6d53\u70c8\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u5973\u540d\u4e2d\u3002
\n5.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9a6c\u677e\u658c\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6728-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a s\u014dng b\u012bn\u3002\u677e\uff1a\u677e\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u677e\u79d1\u690d\u7269\u3002\u505a\u4eba\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u8868\u793a\u50cf\u677e\u6811\u4e00\u6837\u575a\u6bc5\u9ad8\u5c1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u53e4\u535a\u4eca\uff0c\u52e4\u4fed\u5efa\u4e1a\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u3002\u658c\uff1a\u658c\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u91cc\uff0c\u658c\u4e0e\u5f6c\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u7684\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6587\u8d28\u517c\u5907\u3002\u5c31\u5b57\u5f62\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u658c\u662f\u6587\u3001\u6b66\u4e24\u5b57\u5408\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53d6\u658c\u5b57\uff0c\u591a\u5bc4\u6258\u6587\u6b66\u53cc\u5168\u4e4b\u671f\u671b\u3002
\n6.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u9a6c\u4f69\u51cc\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u706b\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a p\u00e8i l\u00edng\u3002\u4f69\uff1a\u4f69\u6307\u738b\u4f69\uff0c\u662f\u7cfb\u5728\u8863\u5e26\u4e0a\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u54c1\u3002\u4f69\u5b57\u4e00\u822c\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5973\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f69\u73ca\u3001\u4f69\u7476\u7b49\u3002\u51cc\uff1a\u51cc\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u672c\u4e49:\u51b0\u3002\u51cc\u51b0<\/p>\n
\u59d3\u9a6c\u5973\u5b69\u5b50\u53d6\u540d\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5217\u8868\uff09
\n[1] \u9a6c\u60e0\u99a8 (hu\u00ec x\u012bn)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u8302\u4e3a (m\u00e0o w\u00e9i)[2] \u9a6c\u9f50\u6d01 (q\u00ed ji\u00e9)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u7ecd\u771f (sh\u00e0o zh\u0113n)[3] \u9a6c\u598d\u827a (y\u00e1n y\u00ec)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u94b0\u7b71 (y\u00f9 xi\u01ceo)[4] \u9a6c\u58eb\u82f1 (sh\u00ec y\u012bng)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u745e\u8377 (ru\u00ec h\u00e9)[5] \u9a6c\u5251\u8d85 (ji\u00e0n ch\u0101o)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u5072\u51e1 (c\u0101i f\u00e1n)[6] \u9a6c\u6708\u5c90 (yu\u00e8 q\u00ed)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u8363\u6587 (r\u00f3ng w\u00e9n)[7] \u9a6c\u5229\u7130 (l\u00ec y\u00e0n)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u5bc5\u8424 (y\u00edn y\u00edng)[8] \u9a6c\u6e90\u5a1c (yu\u00e1n n\u00e0)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u9f84\u73f2 (l\u00edng h\u00fan)[9] \u9a6c\u96ef\u94b0 (w\u00e9n y\u00f9)\t\t\u3001\u9a6c\u6653\u78ca (xi\u01ceo l\u011bi)
\n\u59d3\u9a6c\u5973\u5b69\u5b50\u53d6\u540d\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u5b57\uff09
\n1\u3001\u3010\u6676\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u706b\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a12\u3002\u6676\u5b57\u539f\u662f\u6c34\u6676\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u660e\u51c0\uff0c\u7eaf\u6d01\uff0c\u6e05\u6f88\uff0c\u5982\u5e38\u89c1\u6210\u8bed\u201c\u6676\u83b9\u6f84\u6f88\u201d\u7b49\u90fd\u6709\u6b64\u4e49\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u9a6c\u6676\u65cb (j\u012bng xu\u00e1n)\u3001\u9a6c\u6676\u81f4 (j\u012bng zh\u00ec)\u3001\u9a6c\u6676\u70ab (j\u012bng xu\u00e0n)\u3001\u9a6c\u5149\u6676 (gu\u0101ng j\u012bng)\u3001\u9a6c\u7a57\u6676 (su\u00ec j\u012bng)\u3002
\n2\u3001\u3010\u7430\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u706b\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a13\u3002\u7430\u5b57\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0a\u7aef\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u7389\u572d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e1d\u738b\u6216\u8bf8\u4faf\u4e3e\u884c\u5178\u793c\u65f6\u624b\u6301\u7684\u793c\u5668\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u9a6c\u7430\u4e54 (y\u01cen qi\u00e1o)\u3001\u9a6c\u5353\u7430 (zhu\u00f3 y\u01cen)\u3001\u9a6c\u7eaa\u7430 (j\u01d0 y\u01cen)\u3001\u9a6c\u7430\u5ddd (y\u01cen chu\u0101n)\u3001\u9a6c\u4e66\u7430 (sh\u016b y\u01cen)\u3002
\n3\u3001\u3010\u8def\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u706b\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a13\u3002\u9053\uff0c\u6765\u5f80\u7684\u901a\u9053\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u9a6c\u8def\u5a23 (l\u00f9 d\u00ec)\u3001\u9a6c\u8def\u79cb (l\u00f9 qi\u016b)\u3001\u9a6c\u8def\u9a70 (l\u00f9 ch\u00ed)\u3001\u9a6c\u8def\u52c3 (l\u00f9 b\u00f3)\u3001\u9a6c\u8def\u5347 (l\u00f9 sh\u0113ng)\u3002
\n4\u3001\u3010\u6625\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u91d1\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a9\u3002\u6625\u6307\u6625\u5b63\uff0c\u4e3a\u56db\u5b63\u4e4b\u9996\u3002\u5c31\u5c81\u65f6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u6307\u4ee3\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u63a8\u884d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6709\uff1a\u2460\u5c11\u5973\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7231\u6155\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u00b7\u53ec\u5357\u00b7\u91ce\u6709\u6b7b\u9e7f\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u5973\u6000\u6625\uff0c\u5409\u571f\u8bf1\u4e4b\u201d\uff1b\u2461\u6bd4\u55bb\u751f\u673a\uff0c\u5218\u79b9\u9521\u300a\u916c\u4e50\u5929\u626c\u5dde\u521d\u9022\u5e2d\u4e0a\u89c1\u8d60\u300b\u8bd7\uff1a\u201c\u6c89\u821f\u4fa7\u7554\u5343\u5e06\u8fc7\uff0c\u75c5\u6811\u524d\u5934\u4e07\u6728\u6625\u3002\u201d \u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6625\u662f\u56db\u5b63\u4e2d\u6700\u7f8e\u3001\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u751f\u673a\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u9a6c\u6625\u73cd (ch\u016bn zh\u0113n)\u3001\u9a6c\u6625\u8fdc (ch\u016bn yu\u01cen)\u3001\u9a6c\u6625\u5e7f (ch\u016bn gu\u01ceng)\u3001\u9a6c\u666f\u6625 (j\u01d0ng ch\u016bn)\u3001\u9a6c\u6155\u6625 (m\u00f9 ch\u016bn)\u3002
\n5\u3001\u3010\u745e\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u91d1\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a14\u3002\u8c61\u5f81\u5409\u7965\u5feb\u8981\u5230\u6765\u3002\u610f\u4e3a\u5409\u7965\uff0c\u597d\u9884\u5146\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u9a6c\u9521\u745e (x\u012b ru\u00ec)\u3001\u9a6c\u745e\u5e7f (ru\u00ec gu\u01ceng)\u3001\u9a6c\u745e\u9038 (ru\u00ec y\u00ec)\u3001\u9a6c\u745e\u5584 (ru\u00ec sh\u00e0n)\u3001\u9a6c\u5e08\u745e (sh\u012b ru\u00ec)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u59d3\u9a6c\u5973\u5b69\u5b50\u53d6\u540d\uff08\u540d\u5b57\u5927\u5168\uff09
\n[1] \u9a6c\u7fb2\u6167\u3001\u9a6c\u71b9\u84c9\u3001\u9a6c\u4e3d\u714c\u3001\u9a6c\u82b7\u6995[2] \u9a6c\u6167\u9756\u3001\u9a6c\u6dd9\u5a9b\u3001\u9a6c\u4f1f\u7477\u3001\u9a6c\u73cd\u5b8f[3] \u9a6c\u7965\u541b\u3001\u9a6c\u77f3\u5fc3\u3001\u9a6c\u536b\u6765\u3001\u9a6c\u84d3\u60a6[4] \u9a6c\u56fd\u5b89\u3001\u9a6c\u4f20\u656c\u3001\u9a6c\u68a6\u952d\u3001\u9a6c\u83f2\u83c1[5] \u9a6c\u8fdc\u5e73\u3001\u9a6c\u6e58\u9686\u3001\u9a6c\u67ef\u7ea2\u3001\u9a6c\u5f08\u7426[6] \u9a6c\u8679\u4fde\u3001\u9a6c\u5f66\u9e9f\u3001\u9a6c\u94ed\u5e0c\u3001\u9a6c\u7a1a\u77e5[7] \u9a6c\u749e\u4e5f\u3001\u9a6c\u81ea\u742a\u3001\u9a6c\u598d\u6148\u3001\u9a6c\u535a\u851a[8] \u9a6c\u6e90\u5706\u3001\u9a6c\u9547\u8559\u3001\u9a6c\u7fe0\u99a8\u3001\u9a6c\u626c\u9633[9] \u9a6c\u8302\u6021\u3001\u9a6c\u9759\u4f0a\u3001\u9a6c\u5f69\u680b\u3001\u9a6c\u94e8\u6f2a
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