\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u826f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u3002\u6311\u9009\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u8eab\u53c8\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u4e4b\u9645\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u589e\u6dfb\u6c14\u8fd0\u3002\u597d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5b9a\u7136\u7b26\u5408\u51fa\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u78c1\u573a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u8865\u8db3\u51fa\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u4e94\u884c\u3002\u6545\u800c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u738b\u59d3\u5973\u5b9d\u5b9d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u540d\u5b57\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u738b\u59d3\u5973\u5b9d\u5b9d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4f73\u540d\u5462\uff1f\u63a8\u8350\u552f\u7f8e\u7684\u738b\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u7cbe\u9009\u597d\u540d\uff09
\n1.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u738b\u79d1\u5982\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6728-\u91d1\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a k\u0113 r\u00fa\u3002\u79d1\uff1a\u79d1\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u79d1\u8003\u3001\u6210\u529f\u3001\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u5982\uff1a\u5982\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u4f9d\u7167\u3001\u6bd4\u5f97\u4e0a\u3002
\n2.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u738b\u6d77\u5937\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u571f\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a h\u01cei y\u00ed\u3002\u6d77\uff1a\u6d77\u5b57\u539f\u6307\u5927\u6d0b\u9760\u8fd1\u9646\u5730\u7684\u5e7f\u9614\u6c34\u57ce\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u9762\u79ef\u5b8f\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53c8\u5f15\u7533\u6709\u5e7f\u5927\u3001\u535a\u6df1\u3001\u535a\u5927\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u4eba\u540d\u7528\u6d77\u5b57\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u5f15\u7533\u4e49\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u80fd\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u529e\u6cd5\u591a\uff0c\u89c1\u591a\u8bc6\u5e7f\uff0c\u975e\u540c\u5e38\u4eba\u3002\u5937\uff1a\u5937\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e1c\u90e8\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7edf\u79f0\uff1b\u65e7\u6307\u5916\u56fd\u6216\u5916\u56fd\u7684\uff1b\u5e73\u8f88\u3002<\/p>\n
3.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u738b\u654f\u51dd\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u6c34\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a m\u01d0n n\u00edng\u3002\u654f\uff1a\u654f\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u5feb\u6377\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u6307\u806a\u660e\u3002\u51dd\uff1a\u51dd\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u7269\u4f53\u7531\u6c14\u4f53\u53d8\u4e3a\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u6db2\u4f53\u53d8\u4e3a\u56fa\u4f53\u3002
\n4.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u738b\u70ab\u5362\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u706b-\u706b\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a xu\u00e0n l\u00fa\u3002\u70ab\uff1a\u70ab\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u672c\u4e49\u6643\u773c\uff0e\u7167\u8000\uff1b\u5938\u8000\uff1b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8273\u4e3d\u3002\u5362\uff1a\u5362\u5b57\u610f\u4e3a\u9ed1\u8272\u3002
\n5.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u738b\u51e1\u5b81\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u6c34-\u706b\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a f\u00e1n n\u00ecng\u3002\u51e1\uff1a\u51e1\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u603b\u5171\uff0c\u603b\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\uff0c\u5bfb\u5e38\uff0c\u5927\u6982\uff0c\u5927\u7565\u3002\u5b81\uff1a\u5b81\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u5b89\u5b81\u3001\u5b81\u9759\u3001\u5e73\u5b89\u3002
\n6.\u53ef\u53d6\u540d\u3010\u738b\u695a\u8559\u3011\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u91d1-\u6728\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a ch\u01d4 hu\u00ec\u3002\u695a\uff1a\u695a\u5b57\u610f\u6307\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6574\u6d01\uff0c\u8302\u76db\u7b49\u3002\u8559\uff1a\u8559\uff0c\u6307\u8559\u5170\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u9999\u8349\u540d\u3002\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e60\u60ef\u70e7\u8559\u5170\u4ee5\u85b0\u9664\u707e\u90aa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u85b0\u8349\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8349\u4ee5\u51fa\u4ea7\u4e8e\u6e56\u5357\u96f6\u9675\u53bf\u5883\u5185\u7684\u6700\u4e3a\u8457\u540d\uff0c\u522b\u79f0\u96f6\u9675\u9999\u3002\u540e\u4e5f\u7528\u8559\u5b57\u6765\u6bd4\u55bb\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u82b3\u6d01\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8559\u5b57\u6307\u9999\u8349\uff0c\u540e\u4e5f\u5f15\u7533\u6709\u82b3\u7f8e\u4e4b\u4e49\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u8bd7\u6587\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5e38\u628a\u5973\u5b50\u7eaf\u7f8e\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u79f0\u4e3a\u60e0\u5fc3\u3002\u7528\u8559\u8d28\u6bd4\u55bb\u5973\u5b50\u9ad8\u6d01\u7684\u54c1\u5fb7\uff0c\u7528\u8559\u5fc3\u7ea8\u8d28\u6bd4\u55bb\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u7f8e\u8559\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u8559\u8d28\u5170\u5fc3\u6765\u6bd4\u55bb\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u79c0\u5916\u8559\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350\u552f\u7f8e\u7684\u738b\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5217\u8868\uff09
\n[1] \u738b\u7f9a\u777f (l\u00edng ru\u00ec)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u709c\u4f73 (w\u011bi ji\u0101)[2] \u738b\u666f\u7531 (j\u01d0ng y\u00f3u)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u6f6e\u5a9b (ch\u00e1o yu\u00e1n)[3] \u738b\u6bc5\u71c3 (y\u00ec r\u00e1n)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u7b71\u5e73 (xi\u01ceo p\u00edng)[4] \u738b\u6986\u534e (y\u00fa hu\u00e0)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u901a\u58a8 (t\u014dng m\u00f2)[5] \u738b\u6c5f\u6d2a (ji\u0101ng h\u00f3ng)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u61cb\u6167 (m\u00e0o hu\u00ec)[6] \u738b\u5965\u94a7 (\u00e0o j\u016bn)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u9e3f\u7430 (h\u00f3ng y\u01cen)[7] \u738b\u6d25\u7231 (j\u012bn \u00e0i)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u5f08\u541b (y\u00ec j\u016bn)[8] \u738b\u4e1c\u4f9d (d\u014dng y\u012b)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u5176\u7115 (q\u00ed hu\u00e0n)[9] \u738b\u79b9\u6210 (y\u01d4 ch\u00e9ng)\t\t\u3001\u738b\u677f\u5a77 (b\u01cen t\u00edng)
\n\u63a8\u8350\u552f\u7f8e\u7684\u738b\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u5b57\uff09
\n1\u3001\u3010\u54c1\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a9\u3002\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4eba\u683c\uff0c\u683c\u8c03\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u738b\u54c1\u8212 (p\u01d0n sh\u016b)\u3001\u738b\u54c1\u4f26 (p\u01d0n l\u00fan)\u3001\u738b\u54c1\u67a2 (p\u01d0n sh\u016b)\u3001\u738b\u5584\u54c1 (sh\u00e0n p\u01d0n)\u3001\u738b\u54c1\u5dcd (p\u01d0n w\u0113i)\u3002
\n2\u3001\u3010\u4f69\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a8\u3002\u4f69\u6307\u738b\u4f69\uff0c\u662f\u7cfb\u5728\u8863\u5e26\u4e0a\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u54c1\u3002\u4f69\u5b57\u4e00\u822c\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5973\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f69\u73ca\u3001\u4f69\u7476\u7b49\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u738b\u4f69\u60e0 (p\u00e8i hu\u00ec)\u3001\u738b\u4f69\u4e4b (p\u00e8i zh\u012b)\u3001\u738b\u4f69\u745c (p\u00e8i y\u00fa)\u3001\u738b\u4e16\u4f69 (sh\u00ec p\u00e8i)\u3001\u738b\u662d\u4f69 (zh\u0101o p\u00e8i)\u3002
\n3\u3001\u3010\u6708\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6728\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a4\u3002\u6708\u5b57\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u6708\u4eae\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u6307\u50cf\u6708\u4eae\u4e00\u6837\u5706\u5706\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6839\u636e\u6708\u4eae\u7684\u5706\u4e8f\u800c\u5206\u6210\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\uff0c\u6708\u4eae\u53c8\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u592a\u9634\u4e4b\u7269\uff08\u4e0e\u592a\u9633\u76f8\u5bf9\u800c\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6708\u4eae\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e5f\u591a\u4e0e\u5973\u6027\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6708\u5b57\u53c8\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u5973\u6027\u53d6\u540d\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u738b\u6b65\u6708 (b\u00f9 yu\u00e8)\u3001\u738b\u7eac\u6708 (w\u011bi yu\u00e8)\u3001\u738b\u6613\u6708 (y\u00ec yu\u00e8)\u3001\u738b\u671b\u6708 (w\u00e0ng yu\u00e8)\u3001\u738b\u6670\u6708 (x\u012b yu\u00e8)\u3002
\n4\u3001\u3010\u6d2a\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6c34\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a10\u3002\u6d2a\u5b57\u7684\u672c\u4e49\u662f\u6307\u5927\u6c34\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5c1a\u4e66\u00b7\u5c27\u5178\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u6c64\u6c64\u6d2a\u6c34\u6d12\u65b9\u5272\uff0c\u8361\u8361\u6000\u5c71\u8944\u9675\u3002\u201d\u540e\u4e5f\u5f15\u7533\u6307\u5927\u3002\u5982\u4fd7\u8bed\u201c\u6d2a\u798f\u9f50\u5929\u201d\u610f\u5373\u798f\u6c14\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u50cf\u5929\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4f5c\u4eba\u540d\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u7528\u7684\u591a\u662f\u5f15\u7533\u4e49\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u738b\u6d2a\u51cc (h\u00f3ng l\u00edng)\u3001\u738b\u5fb7\u6d2a (d\u00e9 h\u00f3ng)\u3001\u738b\u94ee\u6d2a (zh\u0113ng h\u00f3ng)\u3001\u738b\u6c5f\u6d2a (ji\u0101ng h\u00f3ng)\u3001\u738b\u662d\u6d2a (zh\u0101o h\u00f3ng)\u3002
\n5\u3001\u3010\u52a0\u3011\u4e94\u884c\uff1a\u6728\uff1b\u59d3\u540d\u5b66\u7b14\u753b\uff1a5\u3002\u610f\u6307\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u589e\u5927\u6216\u589e\u9ad8\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u738b\u4e16\u52a0 (sh\u00ec ji\u0101)\u3001\u738b\u654f\u52a0 (m\u01d0n ji\u0101)\u3001\u738b\u52a0\u6e05 (ji\u0101 q\u012bng)\u3001\u738b\u52a0\u6cc9 (ji\u0101 qu\u00e1n)\u3001\u738b\u52a0\u5b81 (ji\u0101 n\u00ecng)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350\u552f\u7f8e\u7684\u738b\u59d3\u5973\u5b69\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u540d\u5b57\u5927\u5168\uff09
\n[1] \u738b\u542f\u78a7\u3001\u738b\u714c\u82b3\u3001\u738b\u701a\u96e8\u3001\u738b\u601d\u541f[2] \u738b\u4e30\u664f\u3001\u738b\u4e7e\u6bd3\u3001\u738b\u5b9c\u66fc\u3001\u738b\u897f\u6c11[3] \u738b\u81f3\u7487\u3001\u738b\u4f1f\u989c\u3001\u738b\u7855\u6dc7\u3001\u738b\u827e\u835f[4] \u738b\u73ca\u79c0\u3001\u738b\u65ed\u664b\u3001\u738b\u84d3\u82b8\u3001\u738b\u79c0\u6674[5] \u738b\u5fa1\u5b87\u3001\u738b\u8317\u83f2\u3001\u738b\u8363\u732e\u3001\u738b\u9633\u6b46[6] \u738b\u5b8f\u86df\u3001\u738b\u82a6\u534e\u3001\u738b\u805a\u8fde\u3001\u738b\u6ecb\u6069[7] \u738b\u91d1\u4e50\u3001\u738b\u5fd7\u4e1b\u3001\u738b\u5c81\u5f66\u3001\u738b\u76c8\u701b[8] \u738b\u4e3d\u7261\u3001\u738b\u83e1\u9759\u3001\u738b\u4f73\u5fb7\u3001\u738b\u51b0\u8f69[9] \u738b\u6c47\u9e3f\u3001\u738b\u60a6\u67e0\u3001\u738b\u745b\u851a\u3001\u738b\u7530\u5a77
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